@article { pdf,
	title = {Organized Filaments in the adhesive system of Macrostomum tuba Graff, 1882 (Platyhelminthes, Macrostomida)},
	journal = {Brazilian Journal of Morphological Science},
	volume = {23},
	number = {3-4},
	year = {2006},
	note = {Mentions:
Macrostomum tuba},
	pages = {471-477},
	abstract = {The adhesive organs or "duo-gland adhesive organs" of platyhelminths are formed by a specialized epithelial cell and extensions of two gland cells. These organs are used for temporary fixation of the organism to surfaces in aquatic habitats. The mechanisms involved in adhesion to and release from a given surface depend on secretions produced by the glands; less is known about the involvement of cytoplasmic filaments in the anchoring cell itself. In this study, we examined the structure of the adhesive organs present in the tail plate of Macrostomum tuba Graff, 1882 (Platyhelminthes, Macrostomida), a freshwater, free-living flatworm. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy allowed elucidation of the three-dimensional organization of the adhesive system, especially of the microvilli that formed the outer collar (or papilla), which was endowed with a fibrous core. Electrical stimulation caused the flatworms to extend their papillae above the ciliated surface. The use of tannin- and diamine-containing fixatives showed that the filamentous array contained tonofilaments and actin filaments. Tonofilaments concentrate in the axis of each microvillus; actin filaments, about 7-8 nm thick, spread out towards the periphery. Scanning images demonstrated the finger-like shape of the papillae, about 7-8 \&mu;m high, with a terminal opening. Microvilli followed a straight course along the surface.
},
	keywords = {Morphology Macrostomum},
	author = {Silveira, Marina and Arag{\~a}o, Pedro Henrique Arruda}
}
@article {pdf,
	title = {Macrostomida (Platyhelminthes: Rhabditophora) from Argentina, with descriptions of two new species of Macrostomum and of stylet ultrastructure},
	journal = {Zoological Science},
	volume = {23},
	year = {2006},
	note = {<a href="/sites/macrostomorpha.info/files/Brusa2006.pdf">pdf</a> (2676)},
	pages = {853-862},
	type = {article},
	abstract = {Describes:
Macrostomum velastylum n. sp.
Macrostomum puntapiedrensis n. sp.
Mentions:
Macrostomum vejdovskyi
Macrostomum viride
Microstomum lineare
 In this work, two new species of the genus Macrostomum (M. velastylum n. sp. and M. puntapiedrensis n. sp.) are described from the littoral benthos of the R{\'\i}o de la Plata estuary, Argentina. This is the first description of members of the Macrostomidae from Argentina, and of a species documented from both limnic and brackish-water environments. Macrostomum velastylum differs from its congeners in the fine details of its stylet, which are described using a new technique for stylet isolation and observation (scanning electron microscope). This method provides new information on stylet structure relative to traditional whole-mount techniques. Macrostomum puntapiedrensis differs from others species of the M. orthostylum group in the length and morphology of the distal tip of the stylet. Further details are provided on additional macrostomids from Argentina, including potential conspecifics of M. vejdovskyi, M. viride, and M. lineare.},
	keywords = {Macrostomum},
	author = {Brusa, Franscisco}
}
