01679nas a2200121   4500008004100000245011000041210006900151300001200220490000800232520124900240100001601489856005201505       1986                        eng d00aUltrastructure of the copulatory stylet and accessory spines in Haplopharynx quadristimulus (Turbellaria)0 aUltrastructure of the copulatory stylet and accessory spines in   a157-1630 v1323 aThe copulatory organ of Haplopharynx quadristimulus Ax, 1971 (Carolina form, Rieger, 1977) consists of a proximal prostatic vesicle and a distal stylet apparatus comprising a central tubular stylet and four to five peripheral accessory spines . By electron microscopy it could be seen that the stylet and spines were intracellular specializations . The copulatory organ can be interpreted as a specialization of an epithelial canal extending from the testes to the body wall . In the complex stylet apparatus, the epithelium was differentiated into six cell types. The stylet, which was formed in a matrix syncytium next to the prostatic vesicle, extended into the lumen of the stylet canal . The interior of the stylet apparatus contained one group of cells that had thick ciliary rootlets and another that had rootlet-like ribbons . The cells that contain the rootlets enveloped bundles of longitudinally arranged muscles. The accessory spines were formed in cells which lay peripheral to the muscle bundles . The spines, stylet, rootlet-like ribbons, and rootlets had similar patterns of periodic cross striations . The similarity in striation patterns suggests that the accessory spines and stylet are composed of modified ciliary rootlets.1 aDoe, D., A.  uhttps://macrostomorpha.myspecies.info/node/469301830nas a2200121   4500008004100000245014200041210006900183300001200252490000800264520136800272100001601640856005201656       1986                        eng d00aUltrastructure of the copulatory organ of Haplopharynx quadristimulus and its phylogenetic significance (Plathelminthes, Haplopharyngida)0 aUltrastructure of the copulatory organ of Haplopharynx quadristi  a163-1730 v1063 aThe male reproductive system in Haplopharynx quadristimulus consists of paired testes, sperm ducts, seminal vesicles, seminal ducts, a copulatory organ containing prostatic vesicle and stylet apparatus, and the male canal. By electron microscopy all components appeared to be regional specializations of a canal extending from the testes to the body wall and lined by a multiciliated epithelium. The epithelium of the stylet apparatus contained six different cell types. One cell type (matrix syncytium) formed the stylet and the other five were located distal to the stylet/ prostatic-vesicle junction along the male system epithelium. Each cell type was attached to the supporting intercellular matrix at a different level along the stylet apparatus. All cell types extended to the distal end of the stylet apparatus regardless of where they originated along its length. The cells in the apparatus lacked cilia, but one of the cell types contained rootlets. Modified rootlets or rootlet derivatives were possibly present in another cell type in the form of rootlet-like ribbons. The findings support the monophyly of the Macrostomida Haplopharyngida (by common occurrence of a matrix syncytium) and at the same time suggest their separation as two distinct taxa (by differences in the structure of the prostatic vesicle and other parts of the stylet apparatus).1 aDoe, D., A.  uhttps://macrostomorpha.myspecies.info/node/375401863nas a2200133   4500008004100000245005600041210005600097300001000153490000800163520146600171653001601637100002401653856005201677       1986                        eng d00aAsexual reproduction and the turbellarian archetype0 aAsexual reproduction and the turbellarian archetype  a35-450 v1323 aDescribes:
Myomacrostomum unichaeta n. gen. n. sp.
Myomacrostomum bichaeta n. sp.
The turbellarian archetype is widely believed to have been a hermaphrodite lacking asexual reproduction, and such asexual reproduction as is now seen in the Turbellaria (as paratomy and architomy) is generally assumed to have arisen secondarily several times independently. Asexual reproduction clearly prevails among the most primitive metazoans such as the placozoans, sponges, and radiates, however, and if the Platyhelminthes is indeed an early offshoot of bilaterian evolution, as some have claimed, then it is reasonable to expect asexual reproduction to be a primitive feature of the Turbellaria. Asexual reproduction by paratomy or architomy is found in all three main evolutionary lines of the Tlrrbellaria and is most common among primitive groups such as the Catenulida and Macrostomida. The discovery of a new, apparently primitive marine genus of Macrostomida having paratomy widens the known incidence of asexual reproduction within that order. The presence of a muscle ring around the gut of several distantly related genera of the Macrostomida and similarities this ring shows with septa in the division plane of paratomizing species are evidence that paratomy was a feature of the stem species for this order - a feature only secondarily lost in most macrostomids - and suggest that asexual reproduction is a primitive feature for the Platyhelminthes as a whole.10aMacrostomum1 aRieger, Reinhard, M  uhttps://macrostomorpha.myspecies.info/node/123800484nas a2200133   4500008004100000245009700041210006900138300001200207490000700219520004300226653001600269100001300285856005200298       1986                        eng d00aFirst representative of the order Macrostomida in Australia (Platyhelminthes, Macrostomidae)0 aFirst representative of the order Macrostomida in Australia Plat  a399-4040 v193 aDescribes:
Promacrostomum palum n. sp.10aMacrostomum1 aSluys, R  uhttps://macrostomorpha.myspecies.info/node/1249